Preface
Nomenclature
1 Wood Buildings and Design Criteria
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of Buildings
1.3 Required and Recommended References
1.4 Building Codes and Design Criteria
1.5 ASD and LRFD
1.6 Organization of the Text
1.7 Structural Calculations
1.8 Detailing Conventions
1.9 Fire-Resistive Requirements
1.10 Industry Organizations
1.11 References
2 Design Loads
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Dead Loads
2.3 Live Loads
Floor Live Loads
Roof Live Loads
Special Live Loads
2.4 Snow Loads
2.5 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure
2.6 Loads Due to Fluids
2.7 Rain Loads
2.8 Flood Loads
2.9 Tsunami Loads
2.10 Self-Straining Loads
2.11 Wind Loads—Introduction
2.12 Wind Forces—Main Wind Force Resisting System
2.13 Wind Forces—Components and Cladding
2.14 Seismic Forces—Introduction
2.15 Seismic Forces
Redundancy Factor
Base Shear Calculation
Design Spectral Response Accelerations SDS and SD1
Importance Factor, Ie
Seismic Design Category
Response Modification Factor, R
2.16 Seismic Forces—Primary System
2.17 Seismic Forces—Components
2.18 Load Combinations
Summary of Load Types
ASD Load Combinations
LRFD Load Combinations
Determining Applicable Loads
Simultaneous Occurrence of Loads
Load Duration Factor, Time Effect Factor, and Allowable Stress Increases
Load Levels
2.19 Serviceability/Deflection Criteria
2.20 References
2.21 Problems
3 Behavior of Structures under Loads and Forces
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Structures Subject to Vertical Loads
3.3 Structures Subject to Lateral Forces
3.4 Lateral Forces in Buildings with Diaphragms and Shearwalls
3.5 Design Problem: Lateral Forces on One-Story Building
3.6 Design Problem: Lateral Forces on Two-Story Building
3.7 References
3.8 Problems
4 Properties of Wood and Lumber Grades
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Design Specification
NDS
NDS Supplement
Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic
Design Manual
Code Adoption
4.3 Methods of Grading Structural Lumber
4.4 Derivation of Design Values
4.5 Species and Species Groups
4.6 Cellular Makeup
4.7 Moisture Content and Shrinkage
4.8 Effect of Moisture Content on Lumber Sizes
4.9 Durability of Wood and the Need for Preservative Treatment
4.10 Growth Characteristics of Wood
4.11 Sizes of Structural Lumber
4.12 Size Categories and Commercial Grades
4.13 General Notation
4.14 Wet Service Factor CM
4.15 Load Duration Factor CD (ASD Only)
4.16 Time Effect Factor λ (LRFD Only)
4.17 Size Factor CF
4.18 Repetitive Member Factor Cr
4.19 Flat Use Factor Cfu
4.20 Temperature Factor Ct
4.21 Incising Factor Ci
4.22 Resistance Factor ϕ (LRFD Only)
4.23 Format Conversion Factor KF (LRFD Only)
4.24 Design Problem: Adjusted Design Values
4.25 References
4.26 Problems
5 Structural Glued Laminated Timber
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sizes of Glulam Members
5.3 Resawn Glulam
5.4 Fabrication of Glulams
5.5 Grades of Glulam Members
5.6 Appearance Classification
5.7 Adjustment Factors for Glulam
Wet Service Factor (CM)
Load Duration Factor (CD)—ASD Only
Time Effect Factor (λ)—LRFD Only
Temperature Factor (Ct)
Flat-Use Factor (Cfu)
Volume Factor (Cv)
Shear Reduction Factor (Cvr)
Resistance Factor (ϕ)—LRFD Only
Format Conversion Factor (KF)—LRFD Only
5.8 Design Problem: Adjusted Design Values
5.9 References
5.10 Problems
6 Beam Design
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Bending
6.3 Lateral Stability
6.4 Adjusted Bending Design Value Summary
6.5 Shear
6.6 Deflection
6.7 Design Summary
6.8 Bearing at Supports
6.9 Design Problem: Sawn Beam
6.10 Design Problem: Rough-Sawn Beam Using ASD
6.11 Design Problem: Notched Beam
6.12 Design Problem: Sawn-Beam Analysis
6.13 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Full Lateral Support
6.14 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Lateral Support at 8 ft-0 in.
6.15 Design Problem: Glulam Beam with Lateral Support at 48 ft-0 in.
6.16 Design Problem: Glulam with Compression Zone Stressed in Tension
6.17 Cantilever Beam Systems
6.18 Lumber Roof and Floor Decking
6.19 Fabricated Wood Components
6.20 References
6.21 Problems
7 Axial Forces and Combined Bending and Axial Forces
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Axial Tension Members
7.3 Design Problem: Tension Member
7.4 Columns
7.5 Detailed Analysis of Slenderness Ratio
7.6 Design Problem: Axially Loaded Column
7.7 Design Problem: Capacity of a Glulam Column
7.8 Design Problem: Capacity of a Bearing Wall
7.9 Built-Up Columns
7.10 Combined Bending and Tension
Combined Axial Tension and Bending Tension
Net Compressive Stress
7.11 Design Problem: Combined Bending and Tension
7.12 Combined Bending and Compression
7.13 Design Problem: Beam-Column
7.14 Design Problem: Beam-Column Action in a Stud Wall Using LRFD
7.15 Design Problem: Glulam Beam-Column Using ASD
7.16 Design for Minimum Eccentricity
7.17 Design Problem: Column with Eccentric Load Using ASD
7.18 References
7.19 Problems
8 Wood Structural Panels
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Panel Dimensions and Installation Recommendations
8.3 Plywood Makeup
8.4 OSB Makeup
8.5 Species Groups for Plywood
8.6 Veneer Grades
8.7 Exposure Durability Classifications
8.8 Panel Grades
8.9 Wood Structural Panel Siding
8.10 Roof Sheathing
8.11 Design Problem: Roof Sheathing
8.12 Floor Sheathing
8.13 Design Problem: Floor Sheathing
8.14 Wall Sheathing and Siding
8.15 Stress Calculations for Wood Structural Panels
8.16 References
8.17 Problems
9 Diaphragms
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Basic Diaphragm Action
9.3 Shear Resistance
9.4 Diaphragm Chords
9.5 Design Problem: Roof Diaphragm
9.6 Distribution of Lateral Forces in a Shearwall
9.7 Collector (Strut) Forces
9.8 Diaphragm Deflections
9.9 Diaphragms with Interior Shearwalls
9.10 Interior Shearwalls with Collectors
9.11 Diaphragm Flexibility
9.12 References
9.13 Problems
10 Shearwalls
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Basic Shearwall Action
10.3 Shearwalls Using Wood Structural Panels
10.4 Other Sheathing Materials
10.5 Shearwall Chord Members
10.6 Design Problem: Shearwall
10.7 Alternate Shearwall Design Methods
10.8 Anchorage Considerations
10.9 Vertical (Gravity) Loads
10.10 Lateral Forces Parallel to a Wall
10.11 Shearwall Deflection
10.12 Lateral Forces Perpendicular to a Wall
10.13 References
10.14 Problems
11 Wood Connections—Background
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Types of Fasteners and Connections
11.3 Yield Model for Laterally Loaded Fasteners
11.4 Factors Affecting Strength in Yield Model
11.5 Dowel Bearing Strength
11.6 Plastic Hinge in Fastener
11.7 Yield Limit Mechanisms
11.8 References
11.9 Problems
12 Nailed and Stapled Connections
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Types of Nails
12.3 Power-Driven Nails and Staples
12.4 Yield Limit Equations for Nails
12.5 Applications of Yield Limit Equations
12.6 Adjustment Factors for Laterally Loaded Nails
12.7 Design Problem: Nail Connection for Knee Brace
12.8 Design Problem: Top Plate Splice
12.9 Design Problem: Shearwall Chord Tie
12.10 Design Problem: Laterally Loaded Toenail
12.11 Design Problem: Laterally Loaded Connection in End Grain
12.12 Nail Withdrawal Connections
12.13 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads
12.14 Spacing Requirements
12.15 Nailing Schedule
12.16 References
12.17 Problems
13 Bolts, Lag Bolts, and Other Connectors
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Bolt Connections
13.3 Bolt Yield Limit Equations for Single Shear
13.4 Bolt Yield Limit Equations for Double Shear
13.5 Adjustment Factors for Bolts
13.6 Tension and Shear Stresses at a Multiple Fastener Connection
13.7 Design Problem: Multiple-Bolt Tension Connection
13.8 Design Problem: Bolted Chord Splice for Diaphragm
13.9 Shear Stresses in a Beam at a Connection
13.10 Design Problem: Bolt Connection for Diagonal Brace
13.11 Lag Bolt Connections
13.12 Yield Limit Equations for Lag Bolts
13.13 Adjustment Factors for Lag Bolts in Shear Connections
13.14 Design Problem: Collector (Strut) Splice with Lag Bolts
13.15 Lag Bolts in Withdrawal
13.16 Combined Lateral and Withdrawal Loads
13.17 Split Ring and Shear Plate Connectors
13.18 Developments in Lag Screw Technology
13.19 References
13.20 Problems
14 Connection Details and Hardware
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Connection Details
14.3 Design Problem: Beam-to-Column Connection
14.4 Cantilever Beam Hinge Connection
14.5 Prefabricated Connection Hardware
14.6 References
15 Diaphragm-to-Shearwall Anchorage
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Anchorage Summary
15.3 Connection Details—Diaphragm to Wood-Frame Wall
15.4 Connection Details—Diaphragm to Concrete or Masonry Walls
15.5 Subdiaphragm Anchorage of Concrete and Masonry Walls
15.6 Design Problem: Subdiaphragm
15.7 References
16 Advanced Topics in Lateral Force Design
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Seismic Forces—Regular Structures
16.3 Seismic Forces—Irregular Structures
16.4 Overturning—Background
16.5 Overturning—Review
16.6 Overturning—Wind
16.7 Overturning—Seismic
16.8 Lateral Analysis of Nonrectangular Buildings
16.9 Rigid Diaphragm Analysis
16.10 Additional Topics in Diaphragm Design
16.11 References
A Equivalent Uniform Weights of Wood Framing
B Weights of Building Materials
C Sl Units
Introduction
Notation
Prefixes
Conversion Factors
Area
Bending Moment or Torque
Lengths or Displacements
Loads
Moment of Inertia
Section Modulus or Volume
Stress and Modulus of Elasticity
Unit Weight, Density
Index