The fastest
way to learn
Principles of Biology
Authors: Robert Brooker and Eric Widmaier and Linda Graham and Peter Stiling

An Introduction to Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

Evolutionary Origin of Cells and Their General Features

Membranes: The Interface Between Cells and Their Environment

How Cells Utilize Energy

How Cells Capture Light Energy via Photosynthesis

How Cells Communicate with Each Other and with the Environment

The Information of Life: DNA and RNA Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

The Expression of Genetic Information via Genes I: Transcription and Translation

The Expression of Genetic Information via Genes II: Non-coding RNAs

The Control of Genetic Information via Gene Regulation

Altering the Genetic Material: Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

How Eukaryotic Cells Sort and Transmit Chromosomes: Mitosis and Meiosis

Transmission of Genetic Information from Parents to Offspring I: Patterns That Follow Mendel’s Laws

Transmission of Genetic Information from Parents to Offspring II: Epigenetics, Linkage, and Extranuclear Inheritance

Genetic Technologies: How Biologists Study Genes and Genomes

Evolution of Life I: How Populations Change from Generation to Generation

Evolution of Life II: The Emergence of New Species

How Biologists Classify Species and Study Their Evolutionary Relationships

The History of Life on Earth and Human Evolution

Diversity of Microbial Life: Archaea, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi

Microbiomes: Microbial Systems on and Around Us

Plant Evolution: How Plant Diversification Changed Planet Earth

Invertebrates: The Vast Array of Animal Life Without a Backbone

Vertebrates: Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

How Flowering Plants Sense and Interact with Their Environments

How Flowering Plants Obtain and Transport Water, Mineral Nutrients, and Organic Compounds

How Flowering Plants Reproduce and Develop

General Features of Animal Bodies, and Homeostasis as a Key Principle of Animal Biology

Neuroscience I: The Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Neuroscience II: How Sensory Systems Allow Animals to Interact with the Environment

How Muscles and Skeletons Are Adaptations for Movement, Support, and Protection

Circulatory and Respiratory Systems: Transporting Solutes and Exchanging Gases

Digestive and Excretory Systems: Maintaining Nutrient, Water, and Energy Balance and Removing Waste

How Endocrine Systems Influence the Activities of All Other Organ Systems

The Production of Offspring: Reproduction and Development

Immune Systems: How Animals Defend Against Pathogens and Other Dangers

An Example of a System-Wide Response to a Challenge to Homeostasis

Behavioral Ecology: The Struggle to Find Food and Mates and to Pass On Genes

Population Growth and Species Interactions

Communities and Ecosystems: Ecological Organization at Large Scales

Biomes: How Climate Affects the Distribution of Species on Earth

The Age of Humans

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology