Section 1: Cooperative Chemistry: How and Why

Cooperative Chemistry Laboratories

To the Instructor

To the Student

A Word About the Things You will Learn in This Course Besides Chemistry

Cooperative Learning

Conflict Management

Nature of the Course

Brief Outline of the Course

Resources

Safety Rules

Basic Laboratory Etiquette

NFPA Hazard Codes

Waste Disposal

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

Recording and Reporting Results

The Laboratory Notebook

Writing Lab Reports

Preliminary Report Guidelines

The Science Writing Heuristic

Reporting Numerical Results

Graphing Data

Oral Presentations

Section 2: Laboratory Equipment

Containers

Test Tubes

Beaker

Erlenmeyer Flasks

Microscale Cell Wells

Evaporating Dish

Crubible and Lid

Watch Glass

Ignition Tube

Measuring Devices

Measuring Liquids by Volume

Measuring Solids and Liquids by Mass

Transfer Devices

Droppers and Pipets

Funnels

Tongs

Test-Tube Holder

Forceps

Spatulas

Support Devices

Metal Ring

Pipestem Triangle

Wire Gauze

Clamps and Clamp Holders/Universal Clamp

Heating Devices

Bunsen Burner

Heating Bath

Section 3: Laboratory Techniques

Preparing an Experiment

Dealing With Unknown Compounds

Preliminary Tests

Smell

Physical State

Solubility Tests

Qualitative Testing

Quantitative Testing

Analysis of Anions

Analysis of Cations

Test for Ammonium (NH4+)

Flame Tests

Microscale Techniques

Solution Techniques

To Make up a Solution of Known Concentration

Dilution of Solutions

Preparing and Using a Volumetric Pipet

Preparing and Using a Buret

Titration

Reading a Meniscus

Titration Procedure

Filtration

Gravity Filtration

Vacuum Filtration

Chromatography

Thin Layer Chromatography Procedure

Precipitation (Gravimetric Analysis) for a Solution of a Known Salt of Unknown Concentration

Precipitation (Gravimetric Analysis) of a Solid Unknow Salt

Boiling Points/Melting Points

Separation of Liquids

Sepatation of Mixtures of Solids

Recrystallization

Organic Chemistry

Organic Functional Group Tests

Section 4: Laboratory Instruments and Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Infrared Spectroscopy

Color and Spectroscopy

The Units of Color Intensity

The Relationship Between Absorbance and Concentration

pH Meter—Its Care and Use

The pH Meter as a Voltmeter

The Multimeter as a Voltmeter

Conductivity Meter

The Multimeter as a Conductivity Meter

Section 5: Projects

Project 1: Density

Project 2: Investigation of Chemiluminescence

Project 3: Concrete

Project 4: Finding the Relationship Between the Volume of a Gas and the Temperature

Project 5: Designing a Calcium Supplement

Project 6: Properties of Matter and Separations

Project 7: Acids and Bases

Project 8: Buffers

Project 9: White Powders

Project 10: Electrochemistry

Project 11: Identification, Properties and Synthesis of an Unknown Ionic Compound

Project 12: Hot and Cold

Project 13: Analysis of Colas

Project 14: Identification, Properties and Synthesis of an Unknow Organic Compound

Project 15: What Affects the Rate of a Reaction?

Project 16:Investigation of Kidney Stones: Formation and Dissolution

Project 17:Soaps and Detergents

Glossary

Index